Art in Images: The Best Books on Photography

Kutora mifananidzo inyanzvi yekuwana mifananidzo inogara kuburikidza nekuita kwechiedza. Iyo inozivikanwawo senzira yekugadzira mifananidzo, kuitora uye kuigadzira, ingave nekuigadzirisa pachinhu chinonzwa chiedza kana munda, kana nekuchishandura kuva zviratidzo zvemagetsi. Nyaya yacho yakavakirwa pamusimboti wecamera obscura, asi yakashanduka nekufamba kwemakore.

Kuti uchengetedze mifananidzo iyi, makamera anoshandisa firimu rinonzwisa tsitsi pakutora mifananidzo yemakemikari. Kune rimwe divi, iyo dhijitari vhezheni inoshandisa CCD neCMOS sensors, iyo inozorekodha mifananidzo mundangariro dzedhijitari. Iyi nyika inofadza yakakwezva kutarisa kwemarudzi ose evanyori, kusanganisira vanyori. Aya ndiwo mabhuku akanakisa ekutora mifananidzo.

Mabhuku akanakisa ekutora mifananidzo

Kutora mifananidzo nhanho nhanho. kosi yakakwana (2004), naMichael Langford

Kana iwe uchida kuva mutori wemifananidzo, kana izvi unyanzvi Pachezvayo, kana iwe uchida kutora nguva dzakanaka kana kufara nemamwe marudzi emanzwiro, bhuku rino nderenyu. Iyi ndiyo kosi yakakwana inotsanangura zvakajeka uye zvine hukasha izvo munhu wese amateur anoda. dzidza nezvemaitiro ebudiriro, kuvhara nyaya dzakadai sekugadzira, kuvheneka, uye kuwedzera.

Nemifananidzo inodarika mazana masere, Iri bhuku rave remhando yepamusoro pakati pezvinyorwa zvemifananidzo zvakaburitswa muchiSpanish., ichipa vaverengi bhuku rekushandisa kuitira kuti vagozvinyudza vamene nechivimbo muchisiko ichi chinofadza chizere nemavara, mitsetse, mwenje, mimvuri, makona uye kugadzira.

Ziso remupikicha (2022), naMichael Freeman

Dhizaini uye kuumbwa ndiwo mabhesi akakosha ekuti mufananidzo utariswe semhando.. Kune rimwe divi, kugona kuona kugona kwechifananidzo, uye wobva wawedzera graphic zvinhu zvinosimudzira mhedzisiro yayo, yagara iri chimwe chezvakakosha zvinodiwa kune chero mutori wemifananidzo.

Ziso remupikicha Yakava neshanduro yayo yekutanga muna 2007. Kubva ipapo, Iro basa rakazvimiririra sebhuku repamubhedha par kugona panyaya iyi., richirangarirwa serugwaro runokosha kuvatori vemifananidzo vemazuva ano. Iro vhoriyamu inoongorora ese maficha ehunyanzvi, kusanganisira matekiniki ekusona mifananidzo, HDR, kuumbwa, uye dhizaini.

Kamera Lucida: Cherechedzo paKutora Mifananidzo (2020), naRoland Barthes

Kusiyana nemavhoriyamu apfuura pane iyi runyorwa, Iyo kamera lucida Harisi bhuku rinotora mafoto seunyanzvi, kure naro. Munyori anotarisa pane zvesainzi uye chinangwa chemhando yehunyanzvi, rudzi rwechinyorwa chinoda kutsanangura zana rinoratidza, chinangwa chechokwadi cheunyanzvi: nzira inogadzirwa nemanzwiro.

Nyaya yacho inotora sekutanga mafoto mashoma, zvose nechinangwa chokuwana icho munyori anodana kuti "sayenzi itsva yechinhu chimwe nechimwe" uye, kubva ipapo, kutsanangura "chadenga pasina izvo kutora mifananidzo kwaisazovapo", chimwe chinhu chinoonekwa sekufungidzira uye chinomutsa imwe manzwiro enhema mukuona kwemucherechedzi.

Vatori vemifananidzo vanotaura nezvekutora mifananidzo: maitiro evatenzi vanotaridzika, vanofunga, uye vanopfura (2019), naHenry Carroll

Bhuku rino rinopa chirevo chinonakidza: kuita kuti vaverengi vafunge sevatorwa vakuru venhoroondo. Vanatenzi, mapiyona, zvivheneko zvekamera, vakakwanisa sei kufambisa vanhu nemifananidzo yakanga isina mumwe munhu akambofunga? Kana tikafunga kuti yakanakisa yekutora mifananidzo yakaratidzwa mune yakanakisa uye isina kujairika zvinoonekwa, isu tinosvika sei pakuona nyika nenzira iyoyo?

Mubhuku rino Rine zvakasarudzwa zvezvakatorwa, kubvunzurudzwa, uye mapikicha anoratidza ruzivo rwevadzidzisi. Maonero eboka aya, ayo anoita senhanganyaya yepfungwa huru, anogadzira panorama inosimudzira inogona kupfumisa maonero emaneophyte ezvakatipoteredza. Vanyori vakadudzwa vanogoverawo maonero avo akasiyana pane zviitiko zvazvino.

Kutora mifananidzo kwevanhu munharaunda yavo (1999), naJonathan Hilton

Musoro webasa iri uri kuburitsa uye nehunyanzvi nguva, se inoratidza muono wemunyori wezvazvinoita kushanda kunze. Kunyange chiri chokwadi kuti vatori vemifananidzo vazhinji vanoshanda murunyararo rwemustudio kana musangano, vaine zvinhu zvese zvavanazvo, ichokwadi zvakare kuti vamwe vanogadzira kamera vanopinda munyika yakavatenderedza kuti vatize hupenyu hwakajairika.

Mupfungwa iyi, "zvakajairika" hazvireve kufinha kana kuchena, asi zvinoshamisa zuva nezuva. Panyaya iyi, munyori inoratidza kutora mifananidzo yevanhu vari kubasa, vanhu vakuru kana nharaunda mune yakasarudzika kana organic nzira. Kukosha kwebhuku iri kunobva pakupa zvinoita sezviri nyore kunaka kwaragara rinazvo.

Zvakavanzika Zvekuratidzwa Kwemifananidzo: Matorero Anoshamisa Mapikicha nechero Kamera (2017), naBryan Peterson

Iri ndiro bhuku rekutora mifananidzo rinotengeswa zvakanyanya pasi rose. Munyori akawana budiriro iyi nekuda kwenzira yake yerudo, yaakadzidzisa zvizvarwa zvakati wandei kuti zviwane mafoto emhando yepamusoro, achitsanangura nenzira iri nyore pfungwa dzakaoma idzo nyanzvi dzakawanda dzedzidzo dzakanga dzisina kutsunga kuratidza nekutya kurasikirwa nekuve monopoly pakugadzirwa kwemifananidzo.

Mune iyi yakagadziridzwa vhezheni yezvinyorwa, nyanzvi Bryan Peterson anotsanangura hunyanzvi hwekuita senge hwaro hwechiedza, aperture, shutter kumhanya, uye kuti zvese izvi zviwanikwa zvinodyidzana sei. Zvakare Misoro yakadai sekuwana kuratidzwa kwakakodzera mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma inotaridzirwa, kuwana kana kurasikirwa nekupinza, tora yakanakisa kuverenga mita yemwenje, pakati pevamwe.

Nezvekutora mifananidzo (2008), naSusan Sontag

Iri ndiro bhuku reSontag rinonyanya kukosha. Uyu munyori, akazvipira zvakanyanya kune vaverengi vanonakidzwa nekamera, anogadzirisa mubvunzo wakasiyana: kusvika papi papi mafoto anogona kunyepa? Yakabudiswa kekutanga muna 1973. Vhoriyamu inokurudzira kutsoropodza kwakashata kwehunyanzvi padanho rehunhu. Mutariri wekuona anogona kushandisa mifananidzo yezvinhu zvakawanda. Pakati pavo: kufamba, kunyengedza, kutengesa uye kushamisa.

Mupfungwa iyi, munyori anozvibvunza Vanhu vemazuva ano vanovimba zvakadii ne "chokwadi" ichi chinosimudzirwa nekamera lens? iyo inenge inogara ichishanda kune aesthetics, iyo isingaratidzi nguva dzose chiso chechokwadi chevanhu uye iyo, mukupedzisa, inokanganisa mupfungwa kufunga kwakaoma.