Kunyangwe chitsuwa chine mukurumbira muCaribbean chinotanga kuvhurika zvishoma nezvishoma pasi rose, kune makore mazhinji umo vanhu veCuba vakadzvinyirirwa nehutongi hwechiKomonisiti hwakavasunda kutaura nyaya vakatarisa kugungwa, kubva kuMalecón izere nyaya hombe. Aya mabhuku akanakisa ezvinyorwa zveCuba anotaura nezvemichindwe nematambudziko, nezvekusuwa uye kunyemwerera asi, pamusoro pezvose, zvetariro yenyika iri nani.
Mabhuku akanakisa emabhuku eCuba
Cecilia Valdés kana iyo Loma del Ángel, naCirilo Villaverde
Rakadhindwa mumavhoriyamu maviri muna 1839 na1879 akabatanidzwazve mushanduro yekupedzisira muna 1882, basa raVillaverde rinoonekwa se yokutanga Cuba bhuku uye inyaya yakagara muCuba muna 1830, kugadzirisa chokwadi chemahara mulattoes nevaranda mumaoko emhuri dzeSpanish. Iyo inoverengeka, yemunhu ane rudo uyu akajairwa wezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, inotaurira nyaya yerudo pakati peCreole Cecilia naLeonardo, vasingazive kuti ihama-mukoma nevana vababa vamwe chete, mamioneya Cándido de Gamboa. Iyo inoverengeka yakava musoro weCuban zarzuela yakashandurwa makore apfuura yakanyorwa naGonzalo Roig.
Ungada here kuverenga Cecilia Valdés kana iyo Loma del Ángel?
The Golden Age nedzimwe nyaya, naJosé Martí
Musiki we Cuban Revolutionary Bato uye chimiro chinomiririra che Kuzvimiririra kweCubaJosé Martí aivewo mudetembi wazvino uno uye munyori wenhau ane mabasa, dzimwe nguva akafukidzwa nezviito zvake zvezvematongerwo enyika, akawanikwazve sekuzadzikiswa kwetsamba dzeSpanish dzezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Iyo Golden Age muenzaniso wakanaka, unganidzo ye ipfupi nyaya nezve fungidziro, gamba, uye kururamisira yakanyorerwa "vana veAmerica" asi yakakurudzirwa zvachose kune vanhu veese mazera.
Humambo hwenyika ino, naAlejo Carpentier
Mumakore akashandiswa naCarpenti muEurope, iyo surrealism yakava imwe yemasimba ake makuru. Yazvino yaakatakura nayo panguva yekudzokera kwake kuCuba uye kunyudzwa kwake munyika yetsika dzevoodoo nemhemberero dzakarukwa pakati pechitsuwa chake neHaiti yaive pedyo izvo zvaizoguma ne Humambo hwenyika ino, rakaburitswa muna 1949. Mumiriri wepfungwa ye «chinoshamisa chaicho»Saka zvakajairika neHaitian Revolution, inoverengeka inotevedzera tsoka dzemuranda Ti Noél, mumiririri wezvitendero zvemashiripiti zvemuAfrica, munguva inonetsa yerudzi rwevatema veHaiti vakadzvinyirirwa zvachose neudzvanyiriri hweEurope. Imwe ye anonyanya kumiririra mabasa echiLatin America zvinyorwa yenguva dzese.
Matatu matatu anosuwa, naGuillermo Cabrera Infante
Rakadhindwa muna 1965, uye gare gare muna 1967 muchinyorwa chakagadziriswa, Matatu matatu akasuwa, inomuka kubva kune yakakurumbira rurimi rwevana rweCuba twist, inotaura nezveshamwari nhatu dzinoseka mamiriro avo ehurombo kuburikidza nehusiku muHavana Yakazara ne Cuban colloquialisms izvo zvinokurudzira "kuverenga inoverengeka zvinonzwika" zvinoenderana netsananguro inojekesa pakutanga kwebasa rakanyorwa naiye Infante iye yakarambidzwa muCuba naFidel Castro Kunyangwe yaive rimwe remabasa akakosha panguva yainzi "Latin American boom" yema60.
Paradiso, naJosé Lezama Lima
Kunyangwe rakabudiswa muna 1966, Runyorwa rwekutanga rwaLima yakatoona mwenje muna 1949 kuburikidza nekuburitswa kwezvitsauko zviviri zvekutanga. Chikumbaridzo chebaroque chinoshora mitemo yese yezvinyorwa zvechivanhu kuti utaure nyaya yemunyori José Cemí kubva paakazvarwa kusvika kumakore ake ekutanga ekoreji, achigadzirisa bhuku rekudzidza rine chimiro chakaomarara chinopokana nehungwaru hwevaverengi. Mutambo, akarumbidzwa kubva panguva yekutanga yekuburitswa naOctavio Paz kana Julio Cortázar, Yakavewo chikonzero chekurambwa neRevolution yakapihwa yayo homoerotic madhayi.
Iwe hausati waverenga Paradiso?
Pamberi pehusiku Falls, naReinaldo Arenas
Asati azviuraya musi waZvita 7, 1990 nekuda kwechirwere cheAIDS chakazopedza mazuva ake ekupedzisira muNew York, Reinaldo Arenas akasiya bhuku iri senhaka yake. Uchapupu hwehupenyu hwakaoma muCuba yemunyori ngochani uye anopokana anopokana nehutongi hwaCastro husina kumira kumutambudza kusvika atiza kubva kuchitsuwa muna 1980. Ravishing uye chilling, basa rakashandurwa kuenda kubhaisikopo muna 2001 na Javier bardem saArenas, iyo yaakasarudzirwa Oscar yeActor Actor. Pasina kupokana, rimwe remabhuku akanakisa mumabhuku eCuba.
Lee Usiku Husati Hwawa naReinaldo Arenas.
Kunyarara, naKarla Suárez
Yakabudiswa muna 1999, Kunyarara yakava yakakwana best seller nekuda kwechirevo chakabvumidza nyika kuti izive nemamiriro ezvinhu muCuba, kunyanya kuburikidza nemeso emusikana uyo, panguva yekuchinja kwake kusvika mukukura, anonzwisisa hukama hwese hwevanhu vaanogara navo pasi pesimba rehutongi hweCuba.
Wese Munhu Anoenda, naWendy Guerra
Kuda kusiya chitsuwa mune iyo hurumende inoraira zvinozogarwa nevagari vayo yagara iri imwe yenyaya dzinowanzoitika mumabhuku eCuba, kunze kwekunge vashoma vauya kuzotaura nezvazvo zvine hungwaru se Wese munhu anosiya Wendy Guerra. Yakarondedzerwa sedhayari, iro basa rinotaura Hupenyu hwaSnow Guerra kubva pamakore masere kusvika makumi maviriNguva iyo vazhinji vevaanoziva vanotiza, vese varoti venyika isingazovawana muCuba. Iyo inoverengeka akahwina Mubairo wekutanga weNovel Bruguera munaKurume 2006 uye yakashandurwa kuita firimu naSergio Cabrera muna 2014
Murume aida imbwa, naLeonardo Padura
Tenzi we tsvina yakashata, Leonardo Padura anogona kunge ari mamwe e vanyori vane mukurumbira veCuba mune zvinyorwa zvazvino ane basa rakakura pasina mubvunzo Murume aida imbwa. Rakaburitswa muna2009, nhoroondo inotaurira ndangariro dzaIván, chiremba wemhuka, nezve kusangana kwaakaita muna 1977 nemurume achiperekedzwa nemagreyhound maviri pamhenderekedzo yeCuba makore anoda kusvika makumi matatu apfuura. Yakanga iri panguva iyoyo iyo shamwari itsva iyi yakazivisa zvakawanda nezvehukama pakati paLeón Trotsky nemhondi yake, Ramón Mercader, kudzamara vasangana muMexico. Mufananidzo unoshandiswa naPadura kuratidza chiratidzo chake cheCuba mumakore ake ekupedzisira.
Ndeapi, mune ako maonero, ari akanakisa mabhuku eCuba zvinyorwa?
Pakati peavo vataurwa, ndakaverenga The Golden Age, Cecilia Valdés, Tres Tristes Tigres, Murume Aida Imbwa uye Pamberi Pokuwa Kudonha, kune rangu divi ndinokurudzira zvikuru runyorwa ruchangobva kuburitswa runobata nenyaya yekuenda kune dzimwe nyika, inodaidzwa kuti A KIDHIYA YAKO GIRL (munyori Lourdes María Monert) inofadza, yakadzika uye inofamba,
Icho chinonyanya kuzviisa pasi. Hakuna betseller muCuba kuyera mukurumbira kana ma parameter kana vatsoropodzi vebasa rakadai risingafadzi.
Rondedzero yacho chete ine mamwe emabhuku akanakisa, ndinofanira kutaura vanyori. Wendi, kana Padura kana Karla havana kunaka. Nyeredzi dzinoshayikwa, kunyange Martí, Cabrera Infante, Lezama Lima naReinaldo Arenas vachioneka. Zoe Valdés, Severo Sarduy, Heberto Padilla, Virgilio Piñera, Lidia Cabrera, Lino Novás Calvo, Daína Chaviano, Benítez Rojo, nevamwe vazhinji havana kutaurwa. Kana iwo matsva kubva kuutapwa haana kutaurwa, kana iwo matsva anobva kuchitsuwa. Kana ari mabhuku akanakisa, ndiwo mumwe musoro wenyaya. Ndatenda
Jorge Gallardo? Iwe unotsunga kutaura Zoe Valdés pakati pezvakakurumbira zvemabhuku eCuba? Dania Chaviano? Usatenderedza shamwari. Uye ndiani mupfungwa dzake chaidzo aizoisa Reinaldo Arenas? ... ha ha ha !!